Ini Sebab Bacaan Alfatekhah Dhuhur Dan Ashar Tidak Dikeraskan

Berita Islam·

Pembacaan Al-Fatihah dalam sholat Duhur dan Ashar tidak dikeraskan karena kedua sholat tersebut merupakan sholat yang dilakukan secara sirri (pelan), yang di dalamnya pembacaan Al-Fatihah dan bacaan lainnya dilakukan dengan suara pelan, bukan dengan suara keras.

 

Hal ini sesuai dengan petunjuk dalam hadis dan tata cara sholat yang diajarkan oleh Rasulullah SAW. Pembacaan dengan suara keras umumnya dilakukan dalam sholat Maghrib, Isya, dan Subuh, yang merupakan sholat yang dilakukan pada waktu malam atau pagi, di mana umat Muslim diminta untuk membaca dengan suara keras agar bisa terdengar oleh orang lain yang sedang beribadah atau yang berada di sekitar.

Pada sholat Duhur dan Ashar, yang dilakukan pada siang hari, suara yang lebih pelan atau tidak dikeraskan lebih dianjurkan agar lebih khusyuk, selain itu juga tidak mengganggu orang lain yang mungkin sedang beribadah di sekitarnya. Pembacaan Al-Fatihah tetap menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam sholat, meskipun dilakukan dengan suara pelan.

Hingga Allah SWT menurunkan Firmannya yang tertera dalam Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Isra Ayat 110,

قُلِ ٱدْعُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ أَوِ ٱدْعُوا۟ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنَ ۖ أَيًّا مَّا تَدْعُوا۟ فَلَهُ ٱلْأَسْمَآءُ ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ وَلَا تَجْهَرْ بِصَلَاتِكَ وَلَا تُخَافِتْ بِهَا وَٱبْتَغِ بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ سَبِيلًا

Artinya: “Katakanlah: “Serulah Allah atau serulah Ar-Rahman. Dengan nama yang mana saja kamu seru, Dia mempunyai al asmaaul husna (nama-nama yang terbaik) dan janganlah kamu mengeraskan suaramu dalam sholatmu dan janganlah pula merendahkannya dan carilah jalan tengah di antara kedua itu”.

Tafsir dan penyebab turunnya ayat tersebut adalah ketika Rasulullah SAW berada di Mekkah. Saat itu, beliau tengah melaksanakan Sholat berjamaah bersama para sahabat dengan mengeraskan bacaan surat.

Kaum musyrikin Mekkah mendengarnya, lalu mencaci bacaan Rasulullah tersebut, mencaci Dzat yang menurunkannya dan mencaci pula yang menyampaikannya (Rasulullah). Karena itulah Allah SWT berfirman, “Dan janganlah kamu mengeraskan suaramu dalam sholatmu” sehingga potongan ayat tersebut bermaksud agar orang musyrik tidak mendengar bacaannya.

Tetapi Allah juga menyampaikan, “dan jangan pula merendahkannya” sehingga bacaan sholat masih tetap terdengar oleh sahabat yang berada pada shaff pertama. Oleh karenanya, Allah melanjutkan dengan “dan carilah jalan tengah antara keduanya.”

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