Sejarah Asal Usul Nama Pasar Lama Kota Tangerang

Kota Tangerang saat ini sudah berusia 31 tahun. Sebagai kota yang berbatasan langsung dengan Jakarta otomatis membuat Tangerang menyandang predikat kota penyangga ibu kota. Selayaknya kota penyangga ibu kota, aktivitas perdagangan dan perekonomian di Tangerang pun cukup ramai. Salah satu nadi perekonomian di Kota Tangerang yang menjadi ikon kota tersebut ialah Pasar Lama. Pasar Lama pernah dan sempat memunculkan polemik tentang praktik pungli pernah terungkap di sana. Saat ini Pemkot Tangerang telah menata Pasar Lama yang identik sebagai pusat wisata kuliner agar terbebas dari pungli dan semakin nyaman bagi pengunjung.

Adapun Sejarah Asal Usul Nama Pasar Lama Kota Tangerang tak bisa dipisahkan dari keberadaan masyarakat Tionghoa di Tangerang yang tenar dengan sebutan Cina Benteng(ciben) Dalam sebuah tur Museum Benteng Heritage pada 2019 yang diliput Salah satu media dan salah seorang pemandu bernama Martin menceritakan bahwa sejarah kaum Cina Benteng sendiri bisa ditelusuri dari pelayaran Laksamana Cheng Ho. Cheng Ho adalah seorang penjelajah dari China yang dalam penjelajahannya sempat melewati Tanah Jawa. “Jadi Cheng Ho mengutus anak buahnya Tjen Tjie Lung untuk mendarat di Teluk Naga yang jadi bagian dari Tangerang sekarang. Dari sana dia jadi nenek moyang Cina Benteng. Dia datang sekitar tahun 1407,” jelas Martin. Rombongan Tjen Tjie Lung kemudian bertempat tinggal di sekitar sana, dan berkembang semakin banyak. Mereka bercampur dengan masyarakat di sana, dan kawin dengan penduduk setempat.

Itulah kenapa Cina Benteng sekarang memiliki kulit sawo matang dan mata yang sipit. Kelompok masyarakat Cina Benteng pun semakin berkembang. Mereka mendirikan lebih banyak perkampungan di beberapa kawasan sekitar daerah Tangerang. Selain di Teluk Naga mereka juga mendirikan perkampungan di Pasar Baru dan Pasar Lama. “Di Pasar Lama mereka buka lahan. Mereka bertani karena dekat dengan sungai Cisadane. Dan salah satu buktinya adalah Klenteng Boen Tek Bio yang sudah ada sejak tahun 1684,” ungkap Martin.

Menurut Martin, dulu kawasan Pasar Lama sama sekali tidak terlihat seperti sekarang ini. Dahulu, kawasan Pasar Lama lebih mirip perkampungan biasa yang masyarakatnya memang sudah melakukan aktivitas perdagangan. Untuk menunjukkan hal ini, terdapat foto sejarah kondisi Pasar Lama di masa lalu yang menunjukan kondisi lingkungan. Dalam foto yang terdapat di Museum Benteng Heritage tersebut, terlihat warga Cina Benteng sedang merayakan hari besar sambil berpawai di sepanjang jalan Pasar Lama tepat di depan rumah yang kelak menjadi Museum Benteng Heritage.

Menjadi Ikon Kuliner Tangerang

Pasar Lama mulai ditata sebagai kawasan kuliner sejak akhir 2012 dengan nama Kawasan Kuliner Pasar Lama. Dulu memang sudah jadi pasar. Tapi tidak seperti ini. Masyarakat yang punya kultur China kan pasti seringnya berdagang. Jadi mereka buka warung kelontong atau makanan dan yang lain gitu tapi dari rumah mereka. Bukan lapak yang kayak di pasar sekarang.” Kaum Cina Benteng yang tinggal di kawasan Pasar Lama kemudian berakulturasi dengan masyarakat Muslim yang ada di sana. Akulturasi tersebut menghasilkan hubungan yang rukun di antara keduanya dan meninggalkan banyak artefak bersejarah. Sampai saat ini toleransi tersebut dapat dilihat di Pasar Lama, dari hal paling mudah makanan peranakan yang disajikan halal dan rumah ibadah yang berdekatan. “Misalnya Masjid Jami Kalipasir itu kan menaranya berbentuk pagoda. Itu menunjukan hubungan yang baik antara warga Cina Benteng dan Muslim di Pasar Lama ini,” ungkap Martin.

Sumber: Kompas.com

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